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EPAC induces SOCS gene expression
2021-08-17
EPAC1 induces SOCS3 gene expression in VECs, resulting in suppression of the JAK–STAT activation initiated by the sIL-6Rα/IL-6 trans-signalling complex [67]. EPAC1 regulates SOCS3 gene induction through the activation of C/EBP and c-Jun transcription factors, which interact directly with the SOCS3 p
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br Conflict of interest statement br
2021-08-17
Conflict of interest statement References and recommended reading Papers of particular interest, published within the period of review, have been highlighted as: Acknowledgements We acknowledge financial support by the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (Federal
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br When Does Activity with Alternative Substrates Depend
2021-08-17
When Does Activity with Alternative Substrates Depend on Neutral Drift? In a final scenario, the alternative reaction catalyzed by an enzyme might have no significant (positive or negative) effects on the system fitness, and thus it would be invisible to natural selection and essentially subject
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br Acknowledgements This study was financially supported by
2021-08-17
Acknowledgements This study was financially supported by the National Special Research Programs for Non-Profit Trades (Agriculture) (Grant No. 201303045) and the Basic Foundation for Scientific Research of the State-level Public Welfare Institutes of China (Grant No. 2013JB10). Introduction L
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br Introduction As a serine proteinase and a sub family
2021-08-17
Introduction As a serine proteinase and a sub-family of the chymotrypsin-like proteinase, Glutamyl endopeptidase (GE), which is mainly found in Bacillus species, specifically cleaves negatively charged amino 6-Bnz-cAMP sodium salt residues (Glu/Asp) (Yokoi et al., 2001). Madsen et al. (Madsen &
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Albendazole Aminothiazole derivatives have been reported to
2021-08-17
2-Aminothiazole derivatives have been reported to contain antiviral [17], anti-inflammatory [18], and antimicrobial [19] activities. The in vitro anticancer studies showed that different 2-aminothiazole derivatives possess selective and potent inhibitory effect against wide-ranging human cancerous c
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br Guidance of B cell localization by
2021-08-17
Guidance of B cell localization by EBI2 EBI2 expression and B cell disease Although chemoattractant receptors of the GPR family play essential roles in coordinating the migration of lymphocytes for efficient responses against pathogens, their dysregulation can result in the initiation or progr
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In the present study DRD decreased in the
2021-08-17
In the present study, DRD3 decreased in the VTA of OA when compared with the control group. It is reported that DRD3 in the VTA control the firing rate of dopaminergic neurons and inhibition of these receptors enhance firing in the VTA-projecting neurons [18]. A study also indicated that morphine tr
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PRX-08066 br Introduction As a strong analgesic morphine is
2021-08-17
Introduction As a strong analgesic, morphine is often used to treat acute and chronic pain. However, morphine is a substance with low lipid solubility that slowly enters the nerve tissue through the blood–brain barrier and produces neurotoxicity. Morphine-induced neurotoxicity can be produced aft
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br Materials and methods br Results br
2021-08-16
Materials and methods Results Discussion Tuberculosis is caused by the mycobacterium M. tuberculosis, a pathogen able to survive in the hostile conditions through sophisticated defence mechanisms. In an attempt to clarify some aspects of the M. tuberculosis defence mechanisms, we have inves
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In a study on the time
2021-08-16
In a study on the time course of a mechanism-based inactivation of CYP3A by HIV protease inhibitors, Katzenmaier et al. [37] reported that the suppression of CYP3A activity continued for threedays after the discontinuation of ritonavir. In the present study, the CYP3A activity on day 28 after a seve
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Employing distinct genetic and pharmacological approaches Di
2021-08-16
Employing distinct genetic and pharmacological approaches, Divakaruni et al. now demonstrate that macrophages still acquire their IL-4-elicited phenotype in the absence of CPT1a (considered the main isoform in leukocytes) or CPT2, and highlight that the increased LC-FAO in M(IL-4) cells is less cruc
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In the present study we
2021-08-16
In the present study, we first examined the in vivo and ex vivo effects of androgens on ep1 hydroxylase in the olfactory rosette of male B. sinensis. Thereafter, we cloned two different B.sinensis ar cDNAs and investigated their roles in the effects of 11-KT on ep1 expression. Material and metho
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The synthetic route chosen for
2021-08-16
The synthetic route chosen for the preparation of the substrates 18 is shown in Scheme 3. Commercially available 4-aminobenzyl alcohol 13 was found to be relatively unstable to storage and hence it was prepared immediately before use by reduction of the readily available and inexpensive 4-nitrobenzy
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In the previous study glutamyl endopeptidase of B intermediu
2021-08-16
In the previous study glutamyl endopeptidase of B. intermedius has been reported to be distributed in the c-kit inhibitor of B. intermedius as follows: 90% of synthesized enzyme has been detected in the culture liquid, 9.3% of glutamyl endopeptidase—in the fraction of membrane proteins [20]. The di
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