• ATM is required for the proper

  2024-03-27

  

  ATM is required for the proper function of the DNA-repair pathway in response to bleomycin-induced DNA damage in mammalian cells [55], [56]. Recent reports suggest that ATM activation by double-strand breaks leads to the subsequent ATR activation [57], [58], [59]. The recruitment of ATR to double-st

• Antioxidative enzymes such as SOD and CAT play prominent

  2024-03-26

  

  Antioxidative enzymes such as SOD and CAT play prominent roles in protecting against oxidative stress and extending food freshness due to their ability in scavenging active oxygen species for maintaining cell membrane integrity. Evidence shows that activities of SOD and CAT are positively affected b

• There is a delicate balance between ROS generation and

  2024-03-26

  

  There is a delicate balance between ROS generation and scavenging by the protective antioxidant defenses in the cell. Antioxidant systems present in the NSC697923 include enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalases, glutathione peroxidases (GPxs) and peroxiredoxins (PRxs) (Fig. 3) [38]. SODs

• br Conclusion br Introduction Breast cancer is

  2024-03-26

  

  Conclusion Introduction Breast cancer is the most common cancer and second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women [1,2]. There were about 1.7 million new cases of breast cancer worldwide in 2012 [3], and the number of new cases of female breast cancer is expected to increase to 3.2 mi

• The protein kinase CK mediated phosphorylation of

  2024-03-26

  

  The protein kinase CK2-mediated phosphorylation of HMGN1 was implicated to be involved in age-associated amnesia in rats [31]. It was shown that the decreased level of HMGN1 phosphorylation due to the down-regulation of CK2 activity could cause amnesia in aged rats, whereas the treatment with protei

• Optical coherence tomography angiography is another promisin

  2024-03-26

  

  Optical coherence tomography angiography is another promising method for the assessment of corneal neovascularization. This relatively new modality is not yet widely used in part because of current limitations in the definition of images produced, lack of functional information, and inability to det

• br Acknowledgements This work was supported

  2024-03-26

  

  Acknowledgements This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21376172, 21528601 and 21621004) and the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin from Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Commission (Contract No. 16JCZDJC32300). Introduction Alzheimer’s disease

• Although AMPK is a negative regulator

  2024-03-26

  

  Although AMPK is a negative regulator of bioenergetic reprogramming in cancer cells, little is known about the role of AMPK in immunometabolism in sepsis. Our current study indicates that AMPKα dysfunction enhances PKM2-dependent aerobic glycolysis, which results in HMGB1 release in macrophages and

• Clinical observations of individuals with a

  2024-03-26

  

  Clinical observations of individuals with a decrease in 12-LOX WZ4003 australia are consistent with 12-LOX potentiating platelet activation and thrombus formation [40]. However, the relative contribution of 12-LOX to these complex disorders cannot be fully elucidated in the absence of a biochemical

• Table reports the results for the categorical coding of

  2024-03-26

  

  Table 3 reports the results for the categorical coding of diagnosis. The categorical coding is less hypothesis driven than the continuous coding because it allows for nonlinear interactions that are driven by only two groups (CN → MCI stable, CN → MCI progressor, and CN → AD). That said, this analys

• Cancer stem cells CSCs may have been first identified in

  2024-03-26

  

  Cancer stem cells (CSCs) may have been first identified in teratocarcinomas [11], [12], with its initial clues date back to the 19th century [13]. Kleinsmith and Pierce [12] established the immortal pluripotent teratocarcinoma lines from a single transplanted multi-potent malignant cell, strongly su

• Several studies have recently used optogenetics to

  2024-03-26

  

  Several studies have recently used optogenetics to selectively activate various cholinergic neurons (Jiang et al., 2014). However, most do not explicitly report direct release of GABA from cholinergic fibers, with the exception of our two studies described above (Saunders et al., 2015a, Saunders et 

• br Introduction Lung cancer is the leading cause

  2024-03-25

  

  Introduction Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide and is one of the most refractory of solid tumors along with pancreatic cancer. Since 1975 there have been notable improvements in the 5-year survival rate of patients with lung cancer [1]. This improvement in survival is tho

• and LO are members of the

  2024-03-25

  

  5- and 12/15-LO are members of the lipoxygenase family that convert arachidonic sr9009 into lipid mediators such as leukotriene B4 (LTB) and 12()-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) and 15()-HETE, respectively. Evidence from several in vitro and in vivo studies has shown that activation of the 5- a

• br Discussion Arginase and Arginase are

  2024-03-25

  

  Discussion Arginase 1 and Arginase 2 are homologous enzymes that consume l-arginine to produce l-ornithine and urea [14], [15]. These enzymes compete with NO synthases for the same substrate [14], [15], [30], and therefore may reduce NO production [21], [24], [30]. The colocalization of arginases

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