• br Declarations Funding None for the paper in

  2024-11-15

  

  Declarations Funding: None for the paper in question. Competing interests: Florent Morio has received speaker's fees from Gilead, Basilea, and MSD and travel grants from Gilead, MSD, Pfizer, Basilea, and Astellas. Ethical approval: Not relevant for the paper in question. Introduction Lactic

• The association of male gender with

  2024-11-15

  

  The association of male gender with increased atherosclerosis has stimulated interest in the role of androgen signalling in this condition. Androgens act (Fig. 2) by direct activation of androgen receptor (AR), a nuclear receptor that acts as a ligand-regulated transcription factor (Gao et al., 2005

• HT modulates cortical and hippocampal pyramidal cell functio

  2024-11-14

  

  5-HT modulates cortical and hippocampal pyramidal cell function in a very complex manner, since most 5-HT receptor subtypes (excitatory as well as inhibitory) are expressed on pyramidal 4-ethylphenyl sulfate as well as GABAergic interneurons that exert inhibitory control over pyramidal cells (Leise

• br Introduction Stroke is a

  2024-11-14

  

  Introduction Stroke is a devastating condition that causes cognitive and motor dysfunction, neurodegenerative diseases and even acute death, and is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide (Chen et al., 2014a, Wang et al., 2016). Thus, exploration or identification of novel therapeuti

• Aurora A or B selective and pan

  2024-11-14

  

  Aurora -A or -B selective and pan-aurora inhibitors have demonstrated different preclinical and clinical therapeutic efficacies [2,[19], [20], [21], [22], [23]]. For example, clinical trials for a pan-Aurora inhibitor VX-680 (developed by Vertex) were halted at phase II for toxicity reasons (one cas

• The mitogen activated protein kinase MAPK plays

  2024-11-14

  

  The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) plays an important role in a variety of cell processes by controlling transcriptional or translational regulation [14]. There are three major MAPK family members that have been well characterized: extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-termin

• Enhanced arginase activity and the resultant decreases in L

  2024-11-14

  

  Enhanced arginase activity and the resultant decreases in L-arginine levels can also impair T cell mediated immune function and allow tumor growth by limiting the supply of L-arginine needed for the formation of cytotoxic levels of NO by iNOS [10]. Increased arginase expression/activity may also lim

• br Conclusion br Acknowledgments The authors extend

  2024-11-14

  

  Conclusion Acknowledgments The authors extend their appreciation to Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University for funding this work through the research project Number (G-2016-2). Introduction L-ornithine is a natural

• We found a protective effect of the

  2024-11-14

  

  We found a protective effect of the GTCC haplotype against ED, which is reflected by its association with increased IIEF in patients with clinical ED. Further studies are required to determine the functional implications of these genetic markers combined in specific haplotypes blocks. Indeed, we fou

• Penciclovir mg In addition a substantial knowledge has been

  2024-11-14

  

  In addition, a substantial knowledge has been gained about the main properties of AT1R, such as ligand preference, signaling, regulation, and trafficking. However, it is less known how AT1R and other plasma membrane receptors affect each other’s function, and how these crosstalk mechanisms can be ut

• Although mature fibrils formed from A aggregates have long

  2024-11-14

  

  Although mature fibrils formed from Aβ methylphenidate hcl have long been thought to be the main neurodegenerative agents in AD, recent evidence suggests that soluble multimers of these pathogenic proteins, referred to here as “oligomers,” may initiate the synaptic and neuronal dysfunction associate

• At the top of the S

  2024-11-14

  

  At the top of the S1 subsite cylinder are two “cap” residues: E572 and M1034 [13]. Atomic structures of PfA-M1 have revealed important clues into potential roles for the cap residues in substrate selection. In the PfA-M1:bestatin co-crystal structure ([13]; Fig. 1), the P1 phenyl ring occupies the S

• MD was the recipient of the

  2024-11-13

  

  MD was the recipient of the Intergroupe Francophone de Cancérologie Thoracique (IFCT) Alain Depierre Grant in 2014. JP was the recipient of the ARISTOT (Association de Recherche, d’Information Scientifique et Thérapeutique en Oncologie Thoracique) grant in 2016. Conflicts of interest statement

• Various compounds have been designed to inhibit aldose reduc

  2024-11-13

  

  Various compounds have been designed to inhibit aldose reductase (AR) [12]. These compounds can be classified into two main categories, the first category comprises those containing a carboxylic mct inhibitor moiety, for example, 3-thiazolidineacetic acid derivative, which has been reported to be a

• In glaucoma the primary retinal defect

  2024-11-13

  

  In glaucoma, the primary retinal defect appears in the GCL, whereas the other retinal layers appear normal (Kendell et al., 1995). In the current work, chronic elevation of IOP induced RGC apoptosis, especially in the GCL, and α2 adrenergic treatment reduced RGC apoptosis. Various studies have repor

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